1-
form: have / has + p.p.
2- Key words:
1- already-just
ونستخدمهم
بعد have
/ has
** I have
just played football.
آخر
الجملة المنفية والسؤال 2- yet
** I haven`t
played football yet
** Have you played football yet?
فى السؤال ( بعد الفعل
المساعد والفاعل )3- ever
** Have you
ever gone to Paris?
بعد have / has لنفى الجمله 4- never
** I have
never gone to Paris.
بعدها نقطة زمنية 5- since
Yesterday /
last / o`clock / 1999 / Monday / January/then/childhood/PAST SIMPLE
بعدها فترة زمنية 6- for
A second / a
minute / an hour / a day / a night / a week / a month / a year / an age / a
fortnight / a century / a while / a season / a long time /the last/ a moment
** I have lived in Alex since
1999.
** I have
lived in Alex for ten years.
7- Lately=recently
** I have
sent an e-mail to my friend recently.
8- So far=up till now
**So far I
have bought a car.
** نفي هذا الزمن : نضع not
بعد have / has
** في السؤال : نقدم has / have عن الفاعل
Notes:
1-** I last ate fish when
I was in Alex. (since)
** I haven`t eaten fish since
I was in Alex.
2- Been /
gone
** I have been
to Cairo.
= I went to
Cairo and came back again.
** I have gone
to Cairo.
= I`m in
Cairo now. I`m still in Cairo.
3- I arrived
a moment ago.(just)
= I have just
arrived.
4- It's still
raining.(yet)
= It hasn't
stopped raining yet.
The
present perfect continuous:
Form:
Have been / has been + ing
Key
words:
For / since / how long / still / all
(day ---
e.g.
1- I`ve been studying all day.
2- she`s been reading stories since
the afternoon.
** يستخدم مع الأفعال التي تدل على الاستمرارية مثل :
Teach / learn
/ rain / cook / sleep / play / run / study / write / read / lie / sit / attend
/ wait / stay.
e.g.
I’ve been
learning English for ten years.
لاحظ :-
1- استخدام ago / for
** They started
playing football two hours ago (for)
** They have been playing football for two hours.
2- استخدام when / How
long
**
When did she begin to read the book?
** How long has
she been reading the book?
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