الثلاثاء، 13 أغسطس 2013

Past Perfect

1- form:           had+p.p.

2- Key words

ماضي بسيط – ماضي تام  1- After / As soon as
** After I had done my homework, I watched TV.
ماضي تام – ماضي بسيط 2- Before / By the time
** Before I watched Tv, I had done my homework.
ماضي بسيط – ماضي بسيط / ماضي تام – ماضى بسيط 3-when
** When I arrived at the station the train left.
** When I arrived at the station, the train had left.
والمعنى هنا يختلف تماما .
1- I caught the train.
2- I didn`t catch it = I missed it.

4- No sooner.................. than
     Hardly .......................when  
     Scarcely.....................when
ولا بد أن يأتي بعدهم الماضي التام على هيئة سؤال  
** No sooner had I done my homework than I watched Tv .
ولو كتبناهم بعد had  فلا تكون الجملة على هيئة سؤال .
 ** I had no sooner done my homework than I watched Tv.
ماضي تام till / until  ماضي بسيط منفي 5-
** I didn`t watch Tv. Unitl I had done my homework.

Notes

1- on + ing                                                                
** When the thief saw he policeman, he ran away.
On seeing the policeman, he ran away.
2- After / before + ing
** After doing my homework, I watched TV.
** Before watching TV, I had done my homework.
had +p.p. فاعل After  = 3- Having +p.p.
** After I had finished my work, I left the office.
Having finished my work, I left the office.


ليست هناك تعليقات:

إرسال تعليق